Grammar Summary Alphabet Sentence Indefinite Article definite Article Singular & Plural irregular Plural Days , Month & Seasons Coordinates Numbers Masculine & Feminine Numbers Numerical Order Usage of Numbers with nouns Nouns Masculine & Feminine Nouns Compound Nouns Different Forms of Coptic Words Subject Pronouns Separate Subject Pronouns Prefix Subject Pronouns Verbs in Coptic Language Phonetic Changes in Verbs Tenses in Coptic Language Verb to be in Coptic Verb to Have in Coptic Verb to Have as Owe , in debit there is , there are verb to do Present Simple Simple Past articles indicating past tense Future Tense Changes in Pronouns in Future Writing a sentence in Coptic Place of Subject in sentence Different Usage of μ , ν difference between adjective & Pronoun demonstrative adjectives demonstrative Pronouns Possessive adjectives Possessive Pronouns irregular possessive Complement Pronoun Present Continuous Past Continuous Future Continuous , Gerund Gerund Negation of noun & Verb Negation of Past Simple infinitive Negation of infinitive imperative prohibition Present of repetition Negation of present of repetition future of certainity Negation of Future of certainity Present of questions or narration Future of Questions & Narration imperfect Past using να +v. +πε Passive past tense using νε Past Perfect Second Past Perfect Past of repetition Conditional mode Present Conditional mode Past Conditional Mode Subjunctive Reflexive verbs Phrasal Verbs Verbs without subject Making Questions Adjective Adjectives Masculine & Feminine Place of Adjective Past Participle as adjective Special use of adjective Comparison Adverb If Conditional First Case of - If Conditional Second Case of - If Conditional Third Case of - If Conditional Mixed Case of - If Conditional Conjunction Affermative Apposition Preposition Complements Complement of Place Complement of Time Complement of Mode Complement of Comparison Complement of Price & Measure Complement of Companionship Complement of Tools Complement of Cause Complement of Contradiction Complement of Goal Relative Clause


أسامة ثابت


Lesson 72
درس 72

Questions
 السؤال


νιμ ?

who

 

 

من

ϩιτεν νιμ ?

by who

 

 

بواسطة من

φα νιμ ?

of who

whom

masculine

لمن

θα νιμ ?

of who

whom

feminine

لمن

να νιμ ?

of who

whom

plural

لمن

αϣ ?

what

 

 

ما ، ماذا

ου ?

what

 

 

ما ، ماذا

`ναϣ ?

with what

 

 

بماذا

`νου ?

with what

 

 

بماذا

ϧεν αϣ ?

with what

 

 

بماذا

ϧεν ου ?

with what

 

 

بماذا

`ναϣ `νρηϯ ?

how

 

 

كيف

ϧεν αϣ `νρηϯ ?

how

 

 

كيف



εθβε ου ?

why

for what

لماذا ، لأجل ماذا

ϩιϫεν ου ?

over what

about what

على أي شيء

ουηρ ? αυηρ?

how much

how many

كم

ϧα ουηρ ?

with how much

بكم

`θναυ ?

when

متى

`ν`θναυ ?

when

متى

ϣα `θναυ ?

til when

إلى متى ، حتى متى

ιςϫεν `θναυ ?

since when

منذ متى

θων ?

where

أين

`νθων ?

where

في أي مكان

εθων ?

where to

إلى أين

ϣα θων ?

where to

إلى أين

εβολ θων ?

from where

من أين



μη ?

do, is , are , was , were has , have ,

when used in making questions

هل

....ϣαν…

is….or…

أم ، أو

αϧο ?

what it has to do with?

ما شأن ، ما بال

αϧοι ?

what it has to do with me

ما شأني ، ما بالي

αϧοκ ?

what it has to do with you

ما شأنك ، ما بالك

αϧο ?

what it has to do with you

ما شأنك ، ما بالك

αϧοϥ ?

what it has to do with him

ما شأنه ، ما باله

αϧος ?

what it has to do with her

ما شأنها ، ما بالها

αϧον ?

what it has to do with us

ما شأننا ، ما بالنا

αϧωτεν ?

what it has to do with you

ما شأنكم ، ما شأنكم

αϧωου ?

what it has to do with them

ما شأنهم ، ما شأنهم

αϧοκ νεμηι ?

what do you have to do with me?

ما شأنك بي

αϧοκ νεμ φαι ?

what do you have to do with this

ما شأنك وهذا



ακθων ?

where are you?

أين أنت

αϥθων ?

where is he?

أين هو

αςθων ?

where is she?

أين هي

νακθων πε ?

where have you been?

أين كنت

ναϥθων πε ?

where has he been?

أين كان

ναρετενθων πε ?

where have you been?

أين كنتم

ναυθων πε ?

where they have been?

أين كانوا

αν ?

do, is , are , was , were has , have ,

when used in making questions?

هل

ϫε ?

Whether

do, is , are , was , were has , have ,

when used in making questions?

هل ... أم


Usually the question is made by question word followed by subject and verb.

عادة يتم عمل السؤال بوضع كلمة الاستفهام يليها الفاعل يليها الفعل




νιμ

εθ

να

ταμε

αβρααμ

ϫε

who

that

will

inform

Abram

that

من

الذي

سوف

يخبر

إبرام

أن

ςαρρα

ϯϭι

`ν

ου

ὰλου

?

Sara

breast feed

complement indicator

a

child

?

سارة

ترضع

أداة مفعول

أداة تنكير

طفل

?



The question word who «νιμ» may be followed by verb to be.

كلمة الاستفهام من ”نيم“ يمكن أن يتبعها فعل يكون مباشرة:





νιμ

πε

ὲταϥ

ταμο

κ

ϫε

who

is

he who had

informed

you

that

من

يكون

ذاك الذي

أخبر

ك

أن

`κ

βηϣ

you "are"

naked

أنت

عريان




ϫε

αϣ

`ν

νιϣϯ

`ν

εθνος

for

what

conjunction

great

conjunction

nation

لأن

أي

أداة ربط

عظيمة

أمة

ετε

ουονταϥ

`μμαυ

`ν

ου

νουϯ

which

there is for it

in that place

conjunction

a

God

التي

يوجد لها

هناك

أداة ربط

إله

εϥ

ϧεντ

ερωου

he is

near

them

هو

قريب

منهم




The question word what? Ου? Αϣ? Can be followed by verb to be.

كلمة الاستفهام ماذا؟ يأتي بعدها فعل يكون:




ου

νε

νι

μετμεθρευ

νεμ

νι

what

are

the

testimonies

and

the

ماذا

تكون

ال

شهادات

و

ال

μεθμηι

νεμ

νι

ϩαπ

statutes

and

the

ordinances

بر

و

ال

أحكام




Making a question with How the word order is question word “How” + subject + verb:

لعمل سؤال ”كيف“ يكون ترتيب الجملة ، كلمة الاستفهام + الفاعل + الفعل




 `ναϣ `νρηϯ

ϫε

α

ςαουλ

μου

how

that

past indicator

Saoul

died

كيف

أن

علامة الماضي

شاول

مات



A question with “why” is formed by question word “εθβε ου”+ subject + verb

السؤال ”لماذا“ يكون ترتيب الجملة ، كلمة السؤال + الفاعل + الفعل




The question how much , how many is used by question word + verb + noun or question word + noun

السؤال بكم سواء للعدد أو الكمية يتم تكوينه بكلمة الاستفهام ”كم“ + الفعل + الاسم أو كلمة الاستفهام يليها الاسم




ουηρ

νε

νι

εϩοου

how many

are

the

days

كم عدد

يكون

ال

أيام

ὰτετεν

ϭι

ουηρ

`μ

βιρ

you

"have" taken

how many

of

baskets

أنتم

أخذتم

كم

من

السلال



`θναυ

πε

πι

ςηου

when

is

the

time

متى

يكون

ال

وقت

ϣα `θναυ

`κχω

`μμοι

ὲβολ

αν

for how long

you let

me

away

not

حتى متى

أنت تتركـــ

ــني

بعيدا

لا



αϥ

θων

πεκ

ουρο

he

where

your

king

هو

أين

ــك

ملكـــ

`χ

νηου

ὲβολ

θων

you

come

from

where

أنت

تأتي

من

أين

`χ

να

ὲ

θων

you

go

to

where

أنت

تذهب

إلى

أين



Word order is question word + subject + verb + object + “or”

ترتيب الكلمات هو أداة الاستفهام + الفاعل + الفعل + المفعول + أو

μη

ανοκ

`π

ουριτ

`μ

πα

ςον

Am

I

the

keeper

of

my

brother

هل

أنا

ال

حارس

أداة ربط

ــــي

أخـــ

μη

τεννα

ϫεμ

ου

ρωμι

`μ

παιρηϯ

can

we

find

a

man

conjunction

in this way

هل

نحن سوف

نجد

أداة تنكير

رجل

أداة ربط

مثل هذا



Word order is question word + subject + verb + object + “or”

ترتيب الكلمات هو أداة الاستفهام + الفاعل + الفعل + المفعول + أو

αν

`νθοκ

πε

πα

ϣηρι

question word "are"

you

"are"

my

child

هل

أنت

تكون

ــي

ابنـــ

ηςαυ

ϣαν

`μμον

?

Isau

or

not

?

عيسو

أم

لا

?

Αν ϩι

About what

Over what

أي ، عما








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